Sociology DIA Table of Contents

Topic: AGE
Slide 1: Opening screen
Slide 2: Map-Life Expectancy Throughout the World
Slide 3: U.S. Population Pyramids: 1900, 1950, 1980, and Projected for 2030
Slide 4: U.S. Life Expectancy by Year of Birth
Slide 5: Graying of America (Part I)
Slide 6: Graying of America (Part II)
Slide 7: Costs of Social Security
Slide 8: Health Care Costs for the Elderly and Disabled
Slide 9: Trends in Poverty
Slide 10: The Growth of the Population 65 years and over, 1900-2020
Slide 11: Where Do America's Elderly Live?
Slide 12: Which Problems Hit at Which Age
Slide 13: Poverty and Age
Slide 14: Poverty Rates by Age
Slide 15: Aging Population in Six Major Countries, 1960-2020

Topic: CULTURE
Slide 1: Opening screen
Slide 2: Percent Speaking a Language Other Than English at Home by County, 1990
Slide 3: Map-The World as Seen by the Japanese
Slide 4: A Continuum of Cultural Change
Slide 5: Cross-Cultural Conversation and Interaction Style
Slide 6: Classification of Norms
Slide 7: Differing Explanations of Cultural Variation
Slide 8: Map-Number of TV Sets per 1000 People in Each Country

Topic: DEVIANCE
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Persons Under the Death Sentence, 1953-1993
Slide 3: Inmates in State and Federal Prison, 1980-1994. Americans were in local jails in 1994.
Slide 4: Tracking Felons Through the Criminal Justice System
Slide 5: Households Reporting Victimization by Selected Crimes, 1975-1992
Slide 6: Drug Use by Male and Female Booked Arrestees
Slide 7: Property Crimes and Crimes of Violence as Percentage of Total Crimes
Slide 8: Violent Crime in the United States
Slide 9: Homicide and Young Males
Slide 10: Growth in the U.S. Prison Population
Slide 11: Deviant and Criminal Behavior
Slide 12: Federal Prison of Public Corruption, 1975-1991
Slide 13:Inmates in State Prisons
Slide 14: Per Capita Cigarette Consumption, U.S. 1900-1991
Slide 15: Crime Arrest Rates and Age, 1983-1985
Slide 16: Crime Clock 1993
Slide 17: A Profile of Suicide
Slide 18: Suicide Rates in the U.S. by Age, Sex, and Race: 1991 (Rate per 100,000 persons of same sex, race, and age)

Topic: ECONOMY
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Unemployment Among Men and Women Age 16-19, by Race and Hispanic Origin, 1980-1994
Slide 3: Reasons Considered "Very Important" When Taking Current Job (in percents) (Part I)
Slide 4: Reasons Considered "Very Important" When Taking Current Job (in percents) (Part II)
Slide 5: A Continuum of Economic Systems
Slide 6: How Americans Spent Their Money in 1992
Slide 7: Number of Workers in Selected Occupations, 1972-2005
Slide 8: U.S. Workers in Three Types of Work and Proportion of Workers by Sex (Part I)
Slide 9: U.S. Workers in Three Types of Work and Proportion of Workers by Sex (Part II)
Slide 10: The Inverted Income Pyramid: The Proportion of Income Received by Each Fifth of the Population
Slide 11: Average Hourly Earnings of U.S. Workers in Current and Constant (1982) Dollars
Slide 12: Employment Distribution 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000
Slide 13: Women Make Up What Percentage of the Labor Force in the Most Industrialized Nations?
Slide 14: The Official U.S. Unemployment Rate
Slide 15: Declining Value of the U.S. Dollar
Slide 16: Percentage of Women in U.S. Labor Force (a) By Education
Slide 17: Percentage of Women in U.S. Labor Force (b) By Marital Status
Slide 18: Percentage of Women in U.S. Labor Force (c) By Presence of Preschool Children
Slide 19: Percentage of Women in U.S. Labor Force (d) By Race/Ethnicity
Slide 20: Leisure and the Life Course: The "U" Curve of Leisure
Slide 21: Income Distribution (% of U.S. Households by Income)

Topic: EDUCATION
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Average Years of Schooling, by Country, 1990
Slide 3: The Funneling Effects of Education: Race and Ethnicity
Slide 4: National Results of the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT)
Slide 5: Educational Achievement in the U.S.
Slide 6: Educational Expenditures and Student Scores
Slide 7: LEAP's Impact on High School Retention and Dropouts
Slide 8: Starting Salaries of U.S. College Graduates: Public School Teachers Compared with Private Industry
Slide 9: Education Does Not Pay Equitably

Topic: GENDER INEQUALITY
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Labor Force Participation Rates of Women Age 16 and Over with Children Under 6, by Country, 1990
Slide 3: Labor Force Participation Rates for Unmarried Women, 1950-1993
Slide 4: The Increase of Women in the Work Force
Slide 5: Degree of Gender Stratification by Mode of Subsistence
Slide 6: Gender Income Disparities in Selected Developing and Developed Countries
Slide 7: University Education Gender Gaps in Developing and Developed Countries
Slide 8: Gender Changes in Professional Degrees
Slide 9: The Gender Pay Gap, by Education
Slide 10: Gender Pay Gap Over Time: The Annual Income of Full-Time Workers and Percentage of Men's Income Earned by Women
Slide 11: What Percentage of U.S. Men and Women Are in the Labor Force?
Slide 12: Percentage of Women in the U.S. Labor Force by Race/Ethnicity, Marital Status, and Preschool Children (Part I)
Slide 13: Percentage of Women in the U.S. Labor Force by Race/Ethnicity, Marital Status, and Preschool Children (Part II)
Slide 14: Percentage of Women in the U.S. Labor Force by Race/Ethnicity, Marital Status, and Preschool Children (Part III)
Slide 15: Of Those Who Go to College, How Many Receive a Bachelor's Degree in 5 years?
Slide 16: Doctorates in Science, by Sex
Slide 17: Percentages of Women in Selected Elected Offices, U.S. 1995
Slide 18: Women's and Men's Proportions of the U.S. Labor Force
Slide 19: Women's Employment by Age
Slide 20: Women's and Men's Time in Housework

Topic: GROUPS
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: A Model of Bureaucratic Structure
Slide 3: Organizational Chart
Slide 4: Role Set of a College Student
Slide 5: Abbott Family Genogram
Slide 6: The Typical Bureaucratic Structure of a Medium-Sized University
Slide 7: The Incremental Effects of Group Size on Relationships
Slide 8: Characteristics of Primary and Secondary Group Relationships
Slide 9: Student Social Structure on a Dormitory Floor
Slide 10: Diagrammatic Example of the Formal Leadership Structure of a Corporation
Slide 11: The Primary-Secondary Group Continuum

Topic: HEALTH
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Global Calorie Consumption
Slide 3: Nonelderly Population Without Health Insurance, by Own Work Status, 1992
Slide 4: Distribution of U.S. National Health Care Expenditures, 1990
Slide 5: Populations with Access to Primary Health Variables: 1988-1990
Slide 6: Estimated Annual Deaths in Developing and Developed Countries: 1990
Slide 7: How Many Babies Die Before Their First Birthday?
Slide 8: Indicators of Health
Slide 9: Who Has Health Insurance?
Slide 10: A Continuum of Health and Illness
Slide 11: Top Ten Causes of Death in the United States, 1900 and 1993
Slide 12: A Soaring Cost of Medical Care: The Amount the Average American Pays Each Year
Slide 13: Number of Days Sick
Slide 14: How People Get AIDS
Slide 15: Percentage of Americans Diagnosed with AIDS Who Are Women
Slide 16: Growth of AIDS in the United States
Slide 17: Percent of Children with Employment-Related Health Insurance

Topic: INTRODUCTION AND THEORY
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Major Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
Slide 3: Comparing Basic and Applied Sociology
Slide 4: Major Specialties of Sociology

Topic: MARRIAGE AND FAMILY-PART I
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Primary Child Care Arrangements of Working Mothers with Children Under Age 5
Slide 3: Marriage and Divorce Rates per 1,000 Population in the United States: 1930-1993
Slide 4: Median Age First Marriage, 1890-1993 by Sex
Slide 5: Marital Status of People 65 years old and Over in the United States: 1993
Slide 6: Births per 1,000 Women Aged 15-44, by Year
Slide 7: Women Who Cohabited with First Husband Before Marriage, by Race/Ethnicity
Slide 8: Educational Level of Never-Married Female Cohabitors
Slide 9: Religious Affiliation of Never-Married Female Cohabitors
Slide 10: Marriage Plans of Previously Married Cohabitors
Slide 11: Reasons for Cohabitation among Current Cohabitors
Slide 12: Reported Happiness, by Marital Status
Slide 13: Intermarriage Among Catholics
Slide 14: Consensus on Select Factors: Happily Married vs. Divorced or Separated Couples
Slide 15: Disagreement Areas, by Length of Marriage
Slide 16: Estimated Annual Expenses of Rearing a Child, by Budget Category
Slide 17: Homeownership, by Race/Ethnicity
Slide 18: Disadvantages of Having Children
Slide 19: Percentage of First Births, by Age of Mother
Slide 20: Sources of Child Care for Preschoolers
Slide 21: Perceived Ideal Financial Provider Among Employed Wives
Slide 22: Household Chores Performed by Dual-Career Parents
Slide 23: Responsibility for Child-Care Arrangements among Dual-Career Couples
Slide 24: Quality of Life for Commuter and Noncommuter Dual-Career Couples
Slide 25: Perceived Reasons for Divorce, by Gender
Slide 26: Outcome of Reconciliation Attempts in First Marriage Among White Women
Slide 27: Relationship Status of Divorced Persons at Two Years Post-divorce
Slide 28: Physical Child-Custody Arrangements in Divorce
Slide 29: Children Under Age 18 with Parents in Household
Slide 30: Annual Personal Earnings of Custodial Parents
Slide 31: Interactive Networks in Three Family Configurations
Slide 32: Sources of Marital Conflict for Middle-Aged and Older Couples
Slide 33: Caregiving Provided for Elderly Mothers by Daughters
Slide 34: U.S. Marriage and Divorce
Slide 35: In Dual-Earner Families, Who Says They Have the Greater Responsibility for Housework?
Slide 36: Marital Status, by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1970 and 1993 (persons 18 years and over)
Slide 37: Percentage of U.S. Households Headed by Males, Females, and Married Couples

Topic: MARRIAGE AND FAMILY-PART II
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Global Trends: Percentage of Births to Unmarried Mothers
Slide 3: Marital History of U.S. Brides and Grooms
Slide 4: Marriages, Divorces, and Rates in the United States, 1900-1990
Slide 5: The Racial Background of Husbands and Wives in Marriage Between Whites and African Americans
Slide 6: Who Takes Care of Preschoolers While Mother Is at Work? (Part I), Married Couples
Slide 7: Who Takes Care of Preschoolers While Mother Is at Work? (Part II), Single Mothers
Slide 8: Family Structure: The Percentage of U.S. Households Headed by Men, Women, and Married Couples
Slide 9: What Percentage of U.S. Women Expect to Never Give Birth? (Part I)
Slide 10: What Percentage of U.S. Women Expect to Never Give Birth? (Part II)
Slide 11: The Median Age at Which Americans Marry for the First Time
Slide 12: Americans Ages 20-24 Who Have Never Married
Slide 13: Cohabitation in the U.S.
Slide 14: Births to Unmarried Women in Ten Industrialized Nations
Slide 15: What Percentage of Americans are Divorced?
Slide 16: Labor Force Participation by Wives, by Presence of Children
Slide 17: Children by Presence of Parents
Slide 18: Median Age at First Marriage of Men and Women, 1890-1993
Slide 19: Frequency of Sex Last Month by Age and Marital Status
Slide 20: Narrowing the Field of Eligible Partners: Steps in Video Dating
Slide 21: The Wheel of Love
Slide 22: Median Age at First Marriage
Slide 23: Percent Never Married by Age and Sex
Slide 24: Ratio of Divorced People per 1,000 Married People with Spouse Present: 1960-1990
Slide 25: Ratio of Unmarried Men per 100 Unmarried Women in the United States: 1990
Slide 26: Unmarried Couple Households, by Presence of Children: 1960-1993
Slide 27: General Fertility Rates for the United States, 1950-1994
Slide 28: Average Number of Children Born to Women Aged 35 to 44, by Education of Women, 1994
Slide 29: Primary Child-Care Arrangements for All Preschool Children of Employed and Unemployed Mothers
Slide 30: Reasons for Leaving Parents' Home
Slide 31: Median Age at Leaving Home for Men and Women, 1920s to 1980s
Slide 32: Control Tactics Used by Men Who Want to Maintain Complete Control over their Women Partners
Slide 33: Regional Differences in Attitudes about Spanking Children (Part I)
Slide 34: Regional Differences in Attitudes about Spanking Children (Part II)
Slide 35: Divorce Rates in the U.S., 1925-1994
Slide 36: States with the Ten Highest and Ten Lowest Divorce Rates
Slide 37: Percent Distribution of Divorces by Duration of Marriage, 1990

Topic: POLITICS
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Model of Countervailing Forces
Slide 3: The Power Elite Is Composed of Members of the Upper Classes Who Have Achieved the Highest Possible Position in Each of these Centers of Power
Slide 4: A Model of Political Socialization
Slide 5: The Continuum of Political Systems
Slide 6: Number of Countries Committing Various Human Rights Abuses, 1994
Slide 7: Power in the U.S.: The Model Proposed by C. Wright Mills
Slide 8: Voting in Presidential Election, United States, Selected Years 1968-1992 (Percentage of Voting Age Population)
Slide 9: How Americans Identify with Political Parties
Slide 10: Percentage of Eligible U.S. Voters Who Vote

Topic: POPULATION AND URBANIZATION
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Americans on the Move, by County, 1980-1990
Slide 3: Map-Total Fertility Rate
Slide 4: Map-Percent of Urbanization
Slide 5: Factors Promoting Suburban Growth
Slide 6: The Nature of Cities
Slide 7: Age Patterns of Populations, Rapid and Slow Growth (Part I)
Slide 8: Age Patterns of Populations, Zero Growth (Part II)
Slide 9: The Impact of Historical Events on the Age and Sex Composition of the German Population
Slide 10: Pushes, Pulls, and Mediating Factors in Migration
Slide 11: Distribution of the World's 100 Largest Metro Areas (by population)
Slide 12: Immigrants to U.S. by Region of Origin: 1820-1985 (Part I)
Slide 13: Immigrants to U.S. by Region of Origin: 1820-1985 (Part II)
Slide 14: Americans Age 65 or Older for Selected Years (number and percentage)
Slide 15: Population Trends in Developed and Developing Countries: 1750-2100
Slide 16: World Population Growth Through History
Slide 17: How Fast Is the World's Population Growing?
Slide 18: World Population Growth over 2,000 Years
Slide 19: The Demographic Transition
Slide 20: How Much Food Does the World Produce Per Person?
Slide 21: Why the Poor Need Children
Slide 22: Population Pyramids of Mexico and the U.S.
Slide 23: Population Projections of the United States
Slide 24: Urban Makeup of the U.S. Population, 1790-2010
Slide 25: Net Migration Flows Between Regions, 1992-1993
Slide 26: Growth Rates and Doubling Times for the World, the Five Continents, and Major Countries
Slide 27: Legal Immigration (new arrivals) into the United States, 1820-1992
Slide 28: Urban Makeup of U.S. Population, 1790-2000
Slide 29: Age and Sex Distribution in Kenya, and the U.S. and Germany
Slide 30: Number and Percentage of Americans 65 or Older for Selected Years
Slide 31: The Changing Compositions of U.S. Cities
Slide 32: Women's Education and Family Size in Selected Countries
Slide 33: Population Pyramids for Sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, 1990 (Part I)
Slide 34: Population Pyramids for Sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, 1990 (Part II)
Slide 35: U.S. Population by Age and Sex, 1900, 1970, 1995, and 2030 (Part I)
Slide 36: U.S. Population by Age and Sex, 1900, 1970, 1995, and 2030 (Part II)
Slide 37: Population 85 Years and Older

Topic: RACIAL INEQUALITY
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Countries of Origin of Immigrants to the U.S. 1983-1993
Slide 3: Subgroups within the Hispanic Population of the United States, 1993
Slide 4: Distribution of Asian-American Population, 1970-1990 (Part I)
Slide 5: Distribution of Asian-American Population, 1970-1990 (Part II)
Slide 6: Percent Distribution of Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1990, 2000, 2025 and 2050
Slide 7: Legal Immigration (new arrivals) into the United States, 1820-1992
Slide 8: The Vicious Circle of Prejudice and Discrimination
Slide 9: Processes of Integration
Slide 10: A Measure of Preferred Social Distance
Slide 11: Race-Ethnicity and Mortgages: An Example of Institutional Discrimination
Slide 12: Patterns of Intergroup Relations: A Continuum
Slide 13: Racial and Ethnic Groups in America
Slide 14: Country of Origin of the U.S. Latino Population
Slide 15: Where U.S. Latinos Live
Slide 16: Residence of Asian Americans
Slide 17: A Sense of Ethnicity
Slide 18: U.S. Population by Selected Ancestry Group, 1990 (in millions)
Slide 19: Social Distance
Slide 20: U.S. Interracial Marriages
Slide 21: Foreign-Born Population 1900-1990
Slide 22: Percent Foreign-Born by Region of Birth
Slide 23: Percent of Population by Race and Hispanic Origin

Topic: RELIGION
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: The Cult-Sect-Church-Ecclesia Continuum
Slide 3: U.S. Churches: Gains and Losses in Ten Years

Topic: RESEARCH METHODS
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Steps in the Research Process
Slide 3: The Relationship Between an Abstract Concept and its Empirical Referents
Slide 4: The Research Model
Slide 5: The Experiment
Slide 6: Important Methodological Terms
Slide 7: The Debate Over Values

Topic: SEXUALITY
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Source of First Information about Contraception
Slide 3: Sources of Sex Information among Male Adolescents, by Race/Ethnicity
Slide 4: Participation in Voluntary Sexual Intercourse among Never-Married Youth
Slide 5: Births to Unmarried Women as Percent of All Births, by Race
Slide 6: Continuum of Sexual Behavior: Dysfunctions that Affect Life Adversely
Slide 7: The Male Reproductive System, Side View
Slide 8: External Female Genitalia
Slide 9: Internal Female Genitalia, Side View
Slide 10: Women Who Pretend Orgasm, by Marital Status
Slide 11: Life Experience with Oral-Genital Sex, by Marital Status
Slide 12: Reasons for Masturbation
Slide 13: Sexual Problems Reported by Women During Sexual Activity
Slide 14: Ever Participated in Extramarital Sexual Relationship
Slide 15: Public Attitudes toward Extramarital Sexual Relationships
Slide 16: Parental Knowledge of Abortion Decision, by Age of Minor
Slide 17: Reasons Physicians Consider Appropriate for Abortion
Slide 18: Reported Cases of Syphilis, by Year (Thousands)
Slide 19: Told New Sex Partner/Total Number of Lifetime Sex Partners
Slide 20: Physiological and Psychological Sexual Satisfaction, by Marital Status
Slide 21: Frequency of Sexual Intercourse among Marrieds during Past Year
Slide 22: Extramarital Sexual Involvement of Self and Spouse Just Prior to Divorce
Slide 23: Frequency of Sexual Intercourse among Middle-Aged Married Women
Slide 24: Perceptions of Sexual Functioning among Elderly Men
Slide 25: American Teenagers and Pregnancy
Slide 26: Attitudes toward Sexual Relations between Same-Sex Adults
Slide 27: College Women and Men Reporting Date Violence in Heterosexual Relationships
Slide 28: Victim-Offender Relationship in Domestic Assault
Slide 29: Degree of Self-Blame by Women for Unwanted Sexual Intercourse
Slide 30: Length of Victim-Offender Acquaintance in Date Rape
Slide 31: Percent of Sexually Inactive

Topic: SOCIALIZATION
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Adolescent Peer Group as a Medium for the Transition from Childhood to Adult Statuses
Slide 3: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Slide 4: Theories in Human Development
Slide 5: The Looking Glass Self
Slide 6: Utilization of the Mass Media in the United States, 1950-1994

Topic: SOCIAL CHANGE AND MODERNIZATION
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Human Development Index
Slide 3: The Technology-Diffusion Model: How an Institution Responds to a New Technology
Slide 4: A Typology of Traditional and Modern Societies
Slide 5: Marx's Model of Historical Change

Topic: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Hate Groups in the U.S.
Slide 3: A Continuum of Collective Behavior
Slide 4: Types of Social Movements
Slide 5: Blumer's Model of How an Acting Crowd Develops
Slide 6: The Membership and Publics of Social Movement

Topic: STRATIFICATION-GLOBAL
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Per Capita Gross National Product (GNP)
Slide 3: Comparative Income in the Three Worlds of Development
Slide 4: Ideal-Type Formulation of Stratification Systems (amount of social inequality; inequalities of condition and opportunity)
Slide 5: First, Second, and Third World Countries

Topic: STRATIFICATION-UNITED STATES
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Map-Median Household Income, by States, 1994
Slide 3: Perceptions of Social Class (Part I)
Slide 4: Perceptions of Social Class (Part II)
Slide 5: Changing Structure of Occupations, United States, 1900-1992 (in percents)
Slide 6: Poverty in the U.S.: 1960-1993
Slide 7: Dimensions of Socioeconomic Status (SES) in percents, United States, 1993 (Part I)
Slide 8: Dimensions of Socioeconomic Status (SES) in percents, United States, 1993 (Part II)
Slide 9: Social Class Distribution in the United States
Slide 10: Distribution of Wealth of African Americans
Slide 11: Inequality of Income in the United States
Slide 12: The More Things Change the More They Stay the Same: The Percentage of the Nation's Income Received by Each Fifth of U.S. Families since World War II
Slide 13: The U.S. Social Class Ladder
Slide 14: Poverty in the U.S. by Age and Race/Ethnicity
Slide 15: Which Children Are Poor? Poverty Rates of U.S. Children Age 6 Years and Younger, by Family Type and Race/Ethnicity
Slide 16: Differing Explanations of Social Stratification
Slide 17: Persons Below the Poverty Level, 1959-1994
Slide 18: Median Family Income by Type of Family and Race, 1992
Slide 19: Poor and Black (percentage of racial groups in metropolitan area who live below poverty line)
Slide 20: Poverty: 1959-1993
Slide 21: Poverty

Topic: STRUCTURE
Slide 1: Opening Screen
Slide 2: Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies (Part I)
Slide 3: Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies (Part II)
Slide 4: The Social Transformations of Society
Slide 5: Fundamental Consequences of Animal Husbandry and Plant Cultivation (Part I)
Slide 6: Fundamental Consequences of Animal Husbandry and Plant Cultivation (Part II)
Slide 7: Role Strain and Role Conflict
Slide 8: Components of Social Structure
Slide 9: Self-Fulfilling Stereotypes
Slide 10: Perceived Role Advantages and Disadvantages (Part I)
Slide 11: Perceived Role Advantages and Disadvantages (Part II)