Chapter 2 Key Terms

NOTE: In the Study Guide on the CD, each of these terms is linked to the definition in the glossary.

• assumptions of science
  
  
• facts
  
  
• behavior
  
  
• observation
  
  
• inference
  
  
• construct
  
  
• reification of a construct
  
  
• inductive reasoning
  
  
• deductive reasoning
  
  
• nominal fallacy
  
  
• all-or-none bias
  
  
• similarity-uniqueness paradox
  
  
• Barnum statement
  
  
• evaluative biases of language
  
  
• theory
  
  
  • Inductive theory
    
    
  • deductive theory
    
    
  • functional theory
    
    
• models
  
  
• parsimony
  
  
• valid
  
  
• phases of research
  
  
  • idea-generating phase
    
    
  • problem-definition phase
    
    
  • procedures-design phase
    
    
  • observation phase
    
    
  • data-analysis phase
    
    
  • interpretation phase
    
    
  • communication phase
    
    
• research data
  
  
• replication
  
  
• electronic mail (E-mail)
  
  
• list server
  
  
• levels of constraint
  
  
  • naturalistic
    
    
  • case-study
    
    
  • correlational
    
    
  • differential
    
    
  • experimental
    
    
• preexisting variable