1. What would a physiognomist look at in order to determine if a person had a criminal nature?
physical features

2. According to Merton, anomie may be defined as:
the imbalance between a society's goals and the means to achieve them

3. ____________ buy into the cultural goals but, finding the institutionalized means blocked, they turn to illegitimate means to achieve these ends.
Innovators

4. Which of the following is NOT a component of Cohen's subculture theory?
fate

5. According to ____________ it's not just lower-class boys whose values are different from the dominant middle-class, it's all members of the lower-class.
Miller's subculture theory

6. Cloward and Ohlin built on Merton's strain theory by adding:
the idea that differential access to illegitimate opportunities is important

7. ____________ asks not why people are deviant, but rather why anyone conforms.
Hirschi's control theory

8. Involvement refers to:
the opportunity to deviate

9. Edwin H. Sutherland developed a theory of deviance called ________________ theory, which is generally regarded as one of the most influential theories of the twentieth century.
differential association

10. Which of the following is NOT one of the four major elements of differential association theory:
quantity

11. According to your text, which theory has been criticized by many for being untestable:
Sutherland's differential association theory

12. Primary deviation:
is of little concern to labeling theorists unless it elicits a reaction

13. A conflict theorist believes:
both "a" and "c" are correct: nothing is inherently deviant; the key to understanding deviance is understanding inequality

14. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the feminist perspective on deviance:
feminist sociologists believe deviance need not exist

15. Occupational crime refers to:
an individual or group's illegal use of their professional position to secure something of value