Theories of Motivation (Also try: Theories of Motivation II As you are now aware, psychologists do not always agree on what motivates an organism to do many of the things that it does. In fact, over psychology’s short history, many different theories have been proposed to explain motivation. These theories can be described under seven different headings: instinct, drive, need, optimal-arousal, opponent-process, incentive, and expectancies. Completing this exercise successfully should help you become more familiar with the essentials of each of these types of theories. Write the correct name of the theory in the box following each of the descriptions. 1.) Behavior is motivated by reinforcers and punishers. 2.) Behavior is motivated by innate factors. 3.) Behavior is motivated to fulfill some either physiological or learned requirement or both. 4.) Behavior is motivated by physiological factors necessary for homeostasis. 5.) Behavior is motivated by the anticipation that behavior will produce a certain outcome. 6.) Behavior is motivated by learned factors related to balancing one’s emotional state. 7.) Behavior is motivated by learned factors to maintain an optimal level of arousal.