Stages of Moral Development

(Source: (a)(Kohlberg) from Lefton, Psychology, 4E (Allyn & Bacon, 1991), (b) (Gilligan) Adapted by permission of R.T. Knowles from Moral Orientation: Alternative perspectives of men and women, by M. Brabeck, 1986, in Psychological Foundations of Moral Education and Character Development: An Integrated Theory of Moral Development (p. 71) by R.T. Knowles and G. F. McLean (eds.) Lanham, MD: University Press of America)